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Europe’s economy has recovered from the dislocations and restrictions related to the Covid-19 pandemic, but the overall picture remains disappointing. During the past decade, the average annual growth rate of gross domestic product (GDP) in the European Union was about 1.5 percent, and preliminary estimates for 2023 are below 1 percent. Some believe that the […]

Last week, the European Central Bank (ECB) held a session where they chose to keep the key interest rates unchanged. This decision came as a disappointment to many who were hoping for a slight reduction, given that inflation seemed to be under control. However, the situation may not be that straightforward. Across the eurozone, unions […]

  While the climate crisis has long been regarded as a significant threat, prompting trillions of dollars of investment in the green economy, Europe now faces another pressing concern: the threat of war. At the moment, this looming specter originates primarily from Russia, yet the continent is also grappling with challenges emanating from developments and conflicts to its […]

  The eurozone’s two largest countries, France and Germany, could drag the continent into a crisis. The year 2023 was bad for eurozone economies already, with sluggish overall growth a meager 0.6 percent. While short-term factors such as inflation and the necessarily tighter monetary policy can explain the latest developments, longer-term forces, especially in Germany and […]

  In December 2023, PISA published the latest edition of its international report on student test scores for the year 2022. The results do not augur well for the future of Western countries as robust, modern economies and innovative societies. PISA stands for “Programme for International Student Assessment.” The system currently covers all 38 Organisation […]