China

  Over the past 25 years, the relationship between China and Latin America has undergone a dramatic shift. According to the Council on Foreign Relations, in 2000, China accounted for less than 2 percent of Latin America’s exports. Over the next eight years, trade grew at an annual rate of 31 percent. By 2021, bilateral […]

  During the post-Cold War period, unilateral sanctions were often used by the United States to impose economic costs on adversaries. These measures were also meant to influence and shape the foreign or domestic policy behavior of weaker states to reinforce Washington’s unipolar status. However, since 2022, and arguably even earlier, unilateral sanctions regimes began […]

  On September 30, 2025, Ford Motor Company CEO Jim Farley – having just returned from China – warned that if the American automaker loses the competitive battle with its fast-growing Asian rival, it stands to lose everything. This is because China’s automotive technology has achieved comprehensive superiority while automated factories operating without humans have […]

  Over the past two years, European policymakers have embraced the term “de-risking” to describe the continent’s recalibrated relationship with China. While the European Union considered China a “systemic rival” in 2019, the bloc no longer seeks full “decoupling,” but aims to reduce exposure in sectors deemed strategic for security and competitiveness. The underlying concern […]

  In his second term, United States President Donald Trump has surrounded himself with self-proclaimed “China hawks,” advisers, and officials eager to outmaneuver Beijing in the ongoing U.S.-China rivalry. However, a series of mixed signals, vague actions and unfilled key roles, such as critical ambassadorships and senior agency positions, have left observers both at home […]