China

  When Xi Jinping became president in March 2013, there was widespread optimism across China. At that time, many Chinese economists held a linear viewpoint, believing that the country’s development would progress continuously. However, today, China finds itself trapped in a deflationary cycle. Deflation occurs when weak demand leads to falling prices for goods and services, […]

  The Chinese economy is in trouble, and there is little hope for a recovery. Although its annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth has remained just under 5 percent over the past three years, doubts about the meaning of that figure are growing. Growth in fixed investments (machinery and equipment) has slowed considerably, from 9.9 percent […]

  Sanctions imposed by the West act as economic and political tools in international relations; they aim to pressure specific countries or regions to achieve certain geopolitical objectives. These sanctions mostly have negative implications for individual businesses and governments within the targeted economies. They can also adversely impact businesses in the sanctioning states. Western companies […]

  Once driven by market forces, China’s stock market now serves as a strategic instrument in a tightly controlled mixed economy. Under previous administrations, there was a notable push toward pro-market reforms, which allowed for a degree of responsiveness to global financial trends. However, with President Xi Jinping at the helm, the landscape has changed. […]

  After its founding in 1949, the People’s Republic of China pursued a policy of economic self-reliance. Under the rule of Chairman Mao Zedong (1949-1976), it proved dramatically unsuccessful. From late 1978, the approach of the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP) began to change. Integration in the global economy over the following decades allowed China and its […]