ECAEF

  Mark Justin Valek, a native of Austria, studied Business Administration with a focus on banking and finance at the Vienna University of Economics. He is a Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst (CAIA) charter holder and a licensed options and futures trader at the Vienna Stock Exchange. Valek started his professional career in asset management at […]

  James Tooley, a native of UK holds a PhD from the University of London, an MSc from the University of Sussex, and first-class BSc honors in Logic and Mathematics, also from the University of Sussex. Until January 2026, Tooley served as Vice-Chancellor at the University of Buckingham the UK’s premier private university. His previous […]

  Matt Ridley (5 th Viscount Ridley) is a native of UK. He studied Zoology at Magdalen College, Oxford and was awarded his PhD at Oxford University. Currently, Ridley is a fellow of the Royal Society of Literature, the Academy of Medical Sciences, and a foreign honorary member of the American Academy of Arts and […]

  Philipp Bagus (ES/D) is a native of Germany. He earned his M.A. at the University of Münster (D) and his Ph.D. in economics at the Universidad Rey Juan Carlos in Madrid (ES). Currently he works as Prof. of Economics at the Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. Prof. Bagus’ specializes in Austrian Economics with a focus […]

Are the Poor getting poorer because the Rich are getting richer? Abdulganiyy Olanrewaju   ABSTRACT Public debates about inequality often rest on an intuitive but flawed assumption: that wealth in society resembles a fixed pie. From this view, when the rich gain, the poor must inevitably lose. Yet economic history, empirical evidence, and the logic […]